Did you see the Nicole Kidman film ten years ago called The Others?

A woman becomes convinced her house is haunted. In case you’ve not seen it, I’ll save the twist, but it’s the twist that matters. Things are not as they seem.

Crack WSJ markets writer Tom Lauricella asked in a page one article Oct 18 if markets are cracked. Traders he surveyed said building positions in stocks is getting harder. Liquidity is thin. Spreads are rising. Getting trades done – completing an order to buy or sell shares within projected price ranges – is challenging now in the most liquid names.

In the movie The Others, the problem is perspective. The answer to what’s going on depends on how you look at it. Since we’re limited by the camera and the perspective of the central characters, the reality of the problem doesn’t manifest itself till near the end.

In markets, it seems like liquidity is the problem. But what if it’s a matter of perspective? Classically, liquidity is capital. Today it’s somebody on the other side of the trade. Are they the same? No. What’s on the other side of most trades? A machine. Why is it there? Incentives. It’s not there because it’s committing capital. It’s there because it’s paid to be there. Continue reading →

I read this at an Occupy Wall Street site:

“Let me tell you a wonderful old joke from communist times. A guy was sent from East Germany to work in Siberia. He knew his mail would be read by censors. So he told his friends: Let’s establish a code. If the letter you get from me is written in blue ink, it is true what I said. If it is written in red ink, it is false. After a month his friends get a first letter. Everything is in blue. It says, this letter: everything is wonderful here. Stores are full of good food. Movie theaters show good films from the West. Apartments are large and luxurious. The only thing you cannot buy is red ink.”

Great joke. No doubt scrutinizing your trading data to make sense of it is like something written in red, the code for which is blue.

Speaking of which, chances are, your earnings date is approaching. Your intraday volatility (spreads between high and low prices) is perhaps 4%. Across our client base, it’s now over 4% on average. To help you make sense of your stock price, the exchanges and designated market makers and surveillance firms are giving you columns of data on trading by different brokers and sector or economic news. They tell you so-and-so upgraded the sector, causing a strong rally.

You’re not sure. In your gut you think the euro has got a lot to do with it. Maybe the dollar. It would be nice to know. And it would help if you could assess how money will react to the news you announce next week or the week after. Continue reading →

In politics, Bill Clinton perfected the “trial balloon.” You float an idea of one shade because you’re planning on getting people to embrace an idea of another larger construct.

In fiction writing, authors will create portent by ending a chapter with something like: “She could never have imagined the consequences of her decision.” You can’t wait to turn the page to find out what she couldn’t imagine. The writer has subtly influenced your behavior.

The Fed is always trying to influence our behavior. Market performance October 4 (today) was mostly about Fed influence. Affirming commitment as lender of last resort – which sounds good but means “we will print endless piles of cash” – is the same as devaluing the dollar. So the dollar plunged in the last hour of trading, and stocks soared. (We all want stocks to rise but think about a teeter-totter. That’s stocks and dollars.)

In trading markets, exchanges continuously toy with behaviors by changing the spreads between fees for taking shares away and credits for bringing them to sell (this is the root cause of high-frequency trading). Exchanges are influencing behaviors.

Why does it matter? IR is about influencing behavior. In the past, we did it mostly with operating results, investment thesis and investor-targeting. Today, it must go further. Do you consider the impact of Fed policy and adapt your institutional outreach to match your investment thesis to impending changes in behavior? You should. If programs stall, don’t keep talking to growth money; shift to high-turn, deep-value money. Continue reading →

If you absolutely must have trading data fast, who’s your huckleberry?

Burstream, apparently. The firm claims it can serve up actionable, meaningful trading data, no matter what market mayhem, in 600 nanoseconds. That’s 600 billionths of a second. The catch? You have to trade at the Nasdaq.

Burstream’s system is being installed at the Nasdaq OMX market center in New Jersey so the exchange’s important proprietary-trading customers will have a split-second – taken to the extreme – advantage. Customers wanting to use these superfast capabilities will be able to load their algorithms onto Burstream servers parked next to boxes housing the Nasdaq’s trade-matching engines.

Burstream systems will go near the Chicago Mercantile Exchange too. The idea is to unify data streams on stocks, commodities and derivatives so decisions about trading on divergence can be made faster than ever before possible. This is, of course, arbitrage.

Burstream says at its website: “Enable your high frequency trading algorithms to hit liquidity when it is revealed. Trade through market bursts while competitors exit the market. Sustained nanosecond speeds, even during message bursts will give your latency-sensitive algorithms a performance advantage.”

What makes Burstream special is its use of field-programmable gate-array chips (FPGAs) that can perform multiple calculations simultaneously, thus delivering a speed advantage over conventional hardware-processing techniques. Continue reading →

We were sitting on the porch in the shadow of the American flag Sunday September 11 when fighter jets streaked and thundered so low that all of Denver shook. We caught glimpses of pairs of F-15s and F-16s, afterburners hot. Later, we read that warplanes from Denver escorted two flights with suspicious passengers aboard. But the ten-year memorial passed in peace.

Speaking of thunderous roar, I attended the jam-packed NIRI Rocky Mountain Chapter’s kickoff session today. Nasdaq chief economist Frank Hatheway offered a thoughtful and statistical look at the market. He joked that when he first prepared slides two weeks ago, the trends were improving but he’d had to change his comments to reflect reality.

Dr. Hatheway launched his talk by comparing stock indices with VIX volatility, Treasury yields, oil prices and gold. He observed that investor-relations professionals today need to develop a level of understanding of these “macro factors” – benchmarks of group behavior across asset classes (clients, we include a Macro Factors segment on page two of your Market Structure Report). Continue reading →